paired-scenario forced-choice probe

Geopolitical Bias in LLMs Originates in Post-Training, Not Pre-Training Data

A study testing seven open-weight LLM pairs (base vs. chat models) across seven labs finds that geopolitical bias is introduced during post-training rather than inherited from pre-training data. Six of seven labs showed post-training shifts favoring the developer's home country or region, with Alibaba's Qwen 2.5 showing the most extreme shift (18x increase in China-favourability log-odds). The effect is also language-dependent: Mistral becomes pro-France only under French prompting. The authors argue this implicates alignment and RLHF processes as active shapers of geopolitical perspective, calling for greater transparency and auditing of post-training pipelines.