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HNSW with Accuracy Guarantees Using Graph Spanners

paperactiveprovisionalhnsw-with-accuracy-guarantees-using-graph-spanners-d274efb2·1 events·first seen Jul 3, 2026

Aliases: HNSW with Accuracy Guarantees Using Graph Spanners

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5arXiv · cs.CL·Jul 3, 2026·source ↗

Certify-then-Rectify framework adds accuracy guarantees to HNSW approximate nearest neighbor search

A new arXiv technical report proposes a 'Certify-then-Rectify' framework that augments HNSW approximate nearest neighbor search with formal accuracy guarantees. The approach uses a distribution-free statistical certifier to assess search quality at runtime, escalating to exact retrieval only when needed, and reinterprets the HNSW graph as a geometric spanner to bound worst-case distances via Extreme Value Theory. Evaluations on benchmark datasets show the method preserves HNSW's average-case speed while guaranteeing worst-case correctness, outperforming comparable approaches.

Evaluation and Benchmarking Inference Economics HNSW Extreme Value Theory HNSW with Accuracy Guarantees Using Graph Spanners