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Towards Explainable Adjudicative Variance: Quantifying Judicial Discretion via Gated Multi-Task Learning

paperactiveprovisionaltowards-explainable-adjudicative-variance-quantifying-judicial-discretion-via-gated-multi-task-learning-3b508513·1 events·first seen 3d ago

Aliases: Towards Explainable Adjudicative Variance: Quantifying Judicial Discretion via Gated Multi-Task Learning

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4arXiv · cs.CL·3d ago·source ↗

Judge-Aware Gated Multi-Task Learning achieves state-of-the-art on UK Employment Tribunal outcome prediction

Researchers propose a Judge-Aware Gated Multi-Task Learning architecture for legal outcome prediction that explicitly disentangles factual case merits from judicial discretion via a gated fusion mechanism conditioned on judge identity. Evaluated on 13,937 UK Employment Tribunal decisions, the approach outperforms supervised fine-tuning of a Gemma-4 26B backbone while requiring an order of magnitude fewer trainable parameters. The key finding is that differentiable structured composition of identity signals outperforms prompt-based composition over a much larger generative model, suggesting conditioning interface choice dominates scale for identity-conditioned classification tasks.