From Celebrities to Anyone: Characterizing AI Nudification Content, Technology, and Community Dynamics on 4chan

Large-scale study of AI nudification on 4chan finds majority of targets are now non-celebrities

A new arXiv paper presents a large-scale empirical study of AI-generated non-consensual sexually explicit imagery (SNEACI) on 4chan, identifying 24,105 items. A key finding is a demographic shift: non-celebrity individuals now constitute 55.8% of targets, up from 4.7% in prior studies, indicating the harm has expanded from public figures to people in users' personal social circles. Open-source models dominate production, with Stable Diffusion generating 42.7% of images and Wan 66.5% of videos, enabled by thousands of shared fine-tuned models and tutorials. The study characterizes the community dynamics, finding a small cohort of prolific producers drives most content and lowers barriers for new participants.